How Stock CFD Trading Works

Stock CFDs (Contracts for Difference) are financial derivatives that allow investors to profit from stock price movements without owning the actual shares. Here's a breakdown of how it works:

Core Concepts
  • No Stock Ownership – You don’t buy or sell actual shares. You’re trading based on price movements.
  • Two-Way Trading – Go long (buy) if you expect prices to rise or short (sell) if you expect a drop. Profit in either direction.
  • Leverage Trading – Control a larger position with a smaller deposit. (e.g., 5:1 leverage means $1,000 controls $5,000 in stock CFDs.)
Trading Process

Choose a Stock

Trade popular global stocks like Apple (AAPL), Tesla (TSLA), or Tencent (0700.HK).CFD prices usually mirror the real-time spot market, with slight spreads.

Pick a Direction

Buy (Long): Expecting the stock to rise → Buy low, sell high.

Sell (Short): Expecting the stock to fall → Sell high, buy low.

Set Trade Parameters

Lot Size: 1 lot = 1 or 100 shares, depending on platform rules.

Leverage Ratio: Typically 1:2 to 1:20 (subject to regulations; e.g., ESMA limits leverage to 1:5 for retail clients).

Stop Loss/Take Profit: Set automatic exit points to manage risk.

Manage & Close Position

Real-time P/L:

Long P/L = (Close Price – Open Price) × Quantity

Short P/L = (Open Price – Close Price) × Quantity

Overnight Costs: Long positions incur financing fees; short positions may earn small interest.

Key Rules & Fees
  • Leverage – Magnifies both profits and losses. (e.g., with 5:1 leverage, a 10% stock move = 50% gain/loss.)
  • Spread – Difference between buy and sell price. (e.g., AAPL $170.00/$170.10 → spread = $0.10)
  • Commission – Some platforms charge by volume (e.g., $0.02/share); others offer commission-free trades with wider spreads.
  • Overnight Fees – Long positions pay interest (base rate + markup); shorts may receive interest.
  • Dividend Adjustments – If holding past ex-dividend date, longs receive a dividend credit, shorts pay the equivalent (auto-adjusted).
  • Margin Call / Auto-Close – If your equity falls below a certain level (e.g., 50% of required margin), your position may be closed automatically.
Pros & Risks

Pros

No need to hold shares—avoid stamp duty (e.g., in the UK) and traditional brokerage requirements.

Access to global stocks with high liquidity.

No T+1 settlement delay—trade instantly.

Useful for hedging existing stock portfolios.

Risks

Leverage Risk: Losses can exceed your initial deposit (look for brokers with negative balance protection).

Overnight Fees: Costs add up for long-term positions.

Liquidity Risk: Spreads may widen for less liquid stocks.